HOW MAGIC MUSHROOMS COULD AFFECT YOUR BRAIN

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Magic mushrooms, also known as psilocybin mushrooms, contain the psychoactive compound psilocybin, which can have a profound effect on the brain. Here are a few ways that magic mushrooms could affect your brain:

  • Altered perception: One of the most well-known effects of psilocybin is that it can alter your perception of the world around you. This can include changes in visual perception, such as seeing colors more vividly or seeing patterns and textures in objects that you might not normally notice. It can also affect your sense of time and space, making it feel as though time is moving more slowly or that you are experiencing the world in a more connected way.
  • Increased creativity: Some people report feeling more creative and imaginative while under the influence of psilocybin. This may be due to the way that psilocybin can increase activity in certain parts of the brain that are associated with creativity and problem-solving.
  • Changes in mood: Psilocybin can have both positive and negative effects on mood. Some people report feeling euphoric or spiritually connected, while others may experience anxiety or paranoia.
  • Changes in brain activity: Studies have shown that psilocybin can increase activity in parts of the brain that are involved in emotional processing and social behavior. It can also decrease activity in parts of the brain that are associated with self-referential thinking and the default mode network.
  • Enhanced sense of well-being: Despite some negative effects, many people report feeling a greater sense of well-being and connectedness to the world after taking psilocybin. This may be due to the way that psilocybin can reduce activity in the part of the brain that is associated with negative self-talk and increase activity in the part of the brain that is associated with positive emotions.
  • It’s important to note that the effects of magic mushrooms can vary widely depending on a number of factors, including the dose, the individual’s mindset and environment, and the specific strain of mushroom used. Additionally, psilocybin is a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States and many other countries, meaning that it is illegal to possess, use, or distribute.

“Nature is ourselves, to be cherished and explored.”

Thanks to scientific findings like the ones we talked about above, we’re getting closer and closer to understanding how magic mushrooms work.

Maybe, though, we already know how they work. What if ‘shrooms just bring us back to what we already know? What if they just bring us back to nature…to our real selves? What if science is just slow to catch up?

“It has long been a puzzle how the brain’s fixed anatomical connectome can give rise to so many radically different brain states; from normal wakefulness to deep sleep and altered psychedelic states,” psychedelic researcher and professor Morten Kringlebach explains. “This new model will give us the much-needed causal tools for potentially designing new interventions to alleviate human suffering in neuropsychiatric disorders.”

Other researchers attest to psilocybin’s ability to shift brain states, too. A study by Natasha Mason and her colleagues at Maastricht University in the Netherlands used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analyze how psychedelics might alter the brain’s glutamate levels.

Six hours after taking either psilocybin or placebo, study participants reported back on their experiences using two different surveys: the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness and the Ego Dissolution Inventory.

It turns out that psilocybin’s ego-dissolving qualities are actually intimately linked to the compound’s ability to raise glutamate within the medial prefrontal cortex and lower glutamate within the hippocampus! This decrease in hippocampal glutamate was linked to positive spiritual experiences and feelings like unity.

In other words, shrooms shift the glutamate influx and efflux within various parts of the brain, resulting in more openness. For the first time ever we have a decent understanding of how magic mushrooms help humans get past the concept of ‘self.’

PSILOCYBIN 101

So…what does psilocybin do within your brain? Let’s take a closer look!

Technically speaking, the psilocybin in magic mushrooms is mostly inactive. It’s only once magic mushrooms are ingested that their namesake psilocybin converts to psilocin, a much more usable psychoactive compound.

Research shows that psilocin readily binds to a wide variety of receptors within the brain, including serotonin receptors, oxytocin receptors, and dopamine receptors.

Foremost among these are the serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. Their importance is clearly seen in what happens to mice who don’t have them: these ‘knockout’ mice are unable to get ‘high’ or experience psychedelia. This supports the hypothesis that the 5-HT2A receptor is critical to the overall psychedelic experience.

PSILOCYBIN MAY ALSO ACTIVATE:

  • GABA-ergic neuron
  • Excitatory neurons
  • Inhibitory neurons

Some neurologists believe that psilocin and LSD may possess the ability to enhance what’s called pyramidal neuron activity, resulting in more efficient neurotransmission. This, in turn, can lead to more creative thinking and more creative expression. A brain that’s on psilocin is a faster-firing, faster-adapting, more plastic brain.

One study by Carhart et al found that psilocin may increase cerebral blood flow and increase overall brain connectivity. They also found that psilocin may alleviate depression symptoms just as well as pharmaceuticals, with even more favorable “secondary” benefits:

“This trial comparing psilocybin with escitalopram in a selected group of patients showed that the change in scores for depression at 6 weeks did not differ significantly between the trial groups. Secondary outcomes mostly favored psilocybin over escitalopram, but the confidence intervals for the between-group differences were not adjusted for multiple comparisons. Larger and longer trials are needed to compare psilocybin with established treatments for depression.”

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